What are the “True” Pathogenic Anti-desmoglein Antibodies?

[Pathogenic mechanisms of the anti-phospholipid antibodies].

The antiphospolipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by recurrent fetal loss, thrombotic events (arterial or venous) and hemocytopenic disorders associated to high titers of circulating aPL. Two variants of the APS have been described. Primary APS is a clinical entity without evidence of any other autoimmune disease and secondary APS is a clinical disorder mainly associated...

Pathogenic vs. non-pathogenic anti-PF4/heparin antibodies

Pathogenic IgG antibodies against desmoglein 3 in pemphigus vulgaris are regulated by HLA-DRB1*04:02-restricted T cells.

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is considered as a model for an autoantibody-mediated organ-specific autoimmune disorder. IgG autoantibodies directed against the desmosomal cadherin desmoglein 3 (Dsg3), the major autoantigen in PV, cause loss of epidermal keratinocyte adhesion, resulting in blisters and erosions of the skin and mucous membranes. The association of human autoimmune diseases with distinc...

What are Stem Cells?

  Stem cells are undifferentiated self regenerating multi potential cells. There are three types of stem cells categories by the ability to form after cells and correlated with the body’s development process. Totipotent: these stem cells can form an entire organism such as fertilized egg. Ploripotent: ploripotent cells are those that can form any cell in the body but cannot form an entire organ...

What Are the "True" Statistics of the Environment?

A widespread assumption in the contemporary discussion of probabilistic models of cognition, often attributed to the Bayesian program, is that inference is optimal when the observer's priors match the true priors in the world-the actual "statistics of the environment." But in fact the idea of a "true" prior plays no role in traditional Bayesian philosophy, which regards probability as a quantif...